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  1. Free relative constructions in OT syntax
    Autor*in: Vogel, Ralf

    This paper is part of a research project on OT Syntax and the typology of the free relative (FR) construction. It concentrates on the details of an OT analysis and some of its consequences for OT syntax. I will not present a general discussion of the... mehr

     

    This paper is part of a research project on OT Syntax and the typology of the free relative (FR) construction. It concentrates on the details of an OT analysis and some of its consequences for OT syntax. I will not present a general discussion of the phenomenon and the many controversial issues it is famous for in generative syntax.

     
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    Quelle: GiNDok
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Preprint
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 978-3-87548-314-7; 3-87548-314-6
    DDC Klassifikation: Sprache (400)
    Schlagworte: Deutsch; Englisch; Satzanalyse; Syntax; Kontrastive Linguistik; Isländisch; Optimalitätstheorie; Kongress; Potsdam <2002>
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  2. Weak function word shift
    Autor*in: Vogel, Ralf
    Erschienen: 28.04.2004

    The fact that object shift only affects weak pronouns in mainland Scandinavian is seen as an instance of a more general observation that can be made in all Germanic languages: weak function words tend to avoid the edges of larger prosodic domains.... mehr

     

    The fact that object shift only affects weak pronouns in mainland Scandinavian is seen as an instance of a more general observation that can be made in all Germanic languages: weak function words tend to avoid the edges of larger prosodic domains. This generalisation has been formulated within Optimality Theory in terms of alignment constraints on prosodic structure by Selkirk (1996) in explaining thedistribution of prosodically strong and weak forms of English functionwords, especially modal verbs, prepositions and pronouns. But a purely phonological account fails to integrate the syntactic licensing conditions for object shift in an appropriate way. The standard semantico-syntactic accounts of object shift, onthe other hand, fail to explain why it is only weak pronouns that undergo object shift. This paper develops an Optimality theoretic model of the syntax-phonology interface which is based on the interaction of syntactic and prosodic factors. The account can successfully be applied to further related phenomena in English and German.

     
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    Quelle: GiNDok
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Preprint
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Sprache (400)
    Schlagworte: Optimalitätstheorie; Syntax; Semantik; Phonologie; Prosodie; Kontrastive Linguistik
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  3. Remarks on the architecture of OT syntax grammars
    Autor*in: Vogel, Ralf

    This paper argues for a particular architecture of OT syntax. This architecture hasthree core features: i) it is bidirectional, the usual production-oriented optimisation (called ‘first optimisation’ here) is accompanied by a second step that checks... mehr

     

    This paper argues for a particular architecture of OT syntax. This architecture hasthree core features: i) it is bidirectional, the usual production-oriented optimisation (called ‘first optimisation’ here) is accompanied by a second step that checks the recoverability of an underlying form; ii) this underlying form already contains a full-fledged syntactic specification; iii) especially the procedure checking for recoverability makes crucial use of semantic and pragmatic factors. The first section motivates the basic architecture. The second section shows with two examples, how contextual factors are integrated. The third section examines its implications for learning theory, and the fourth section concludes with a broader discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of the proposed model.

     
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    Quelle: GiNDok
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Preprint
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 978-1-349-50764-1; 1-349-50764-4; 978-1-4039-0129-3; 978-0-230-50140-9; https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230501409
    DDC Klassifikation: Sprache (400)
    Schlagworte: Optimalitätstheorie; Syntax; Semantik; Pragmatik; Lerntheorie
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  4. Correspondence in OT syntax and minimal link effects
    Autor*in: Vogel, Ralf

    The aim of this paper is the exploration of an optimality theoretic architecture for syntax that is guided by the concept of "correspondence": syntax is understood as the mechanism of "translating" underlying representations into a surface form. In... mehr

     

    The aim of this paper is the exploration of an optimality theoretic architecture for syntax that is guided by the concept of "correspondence": syntax is understood as the mechanism of "translating" underlying representations into a surface form. In minimalism, this surface form is called "Phonological Form" (PF). Both semantic and abstract syntactic information are reflected by the surface form. The empirical domain where this architecture is tested are minimal link effects, especially in the case of "wh"-movement. The OT constraints require the surface form to reflect the underlying semantic and syntactic representations as maximally as possible. The means by which underlying relations and properties are encoded are precedence, adjacency, surface morphology and prosodic structure. Information that is not encoded in one of these ways remains unexpressed, and gets lost unless it is recoverable via the context. Different kinds of information are often expressed by the same means. The resulting conflicts are resolved by the relative ranking of the relevant correspondence constraints.

     
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    Quelle: GiNDok
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Preprint
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 978-3-11-017961-3; 3-11-017961-X; 978-3-11-019736-5; 3-11-019736-7; 978-3-11-916451-1
    DDC Klassifikation: Sprache (400)
    Schlagworte: Optimalitätstheorie; Syntax; Semantik; Prosodie; Phonologie; Verb; Aufsatzsammlung
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  5. Degraded acceptability and markedness in syntax, and the stochastic interpretation of optimality theory
    Autor*in: Vogel, Ralf

    The argument that I tried to elaborate on in this paper is that the conceptual problem behind the traditional competence/performance distinction does not go away, even if we abandon its original Chomskyan formulation. It returns as the question about... mehr

     

    The argument that I tried to elaborate on in this paper is that the conceptual problem behind the traditional competence/performance distinction does not go away, even if we abandon its original Chomskyan formulation. It returns as the question about the relation between the model of the grammar and the results of empirical investigations – the question of empirical verification The theoretical concept of markedness is argued to be an ideal correlate of gradience. Optimality Theory, being based on markedness, is a promising framework for the task of bridging the gap between model and empirical world. However, this task not only requires a model of grammar, but also a theory of the methods that are chosen in empirical investigations and how their results are interpreted, and a theory of how to derive predictions for these particular empirical investigations from the model. Stochastic Optimality Theory is one possible formulation of a proposal that derives empirical predictions from an OT model. However, I hope to have shown that it is not enough to take frequency distributions and relative acceptabilities at face value, and simply construe some Stochastic OT model that fits the facts. These facts first of all need to be interpreted, and those factors that the grammar has to account for must be sorted out from those about which grammar should have nothing to say. This task, to my mind, is more complicated than the picture that a simplistic application of (not only) Stochastic OT might draw.

     
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    Quelle: GiNDok
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Preprint
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 0199274797; 9780199274796; https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199274796.001.0001
    DDC Klassifikation: Sprache (400)
    Schlagworte: Optimalitätstheorie; Syntax; Stochastik; Relativsatz; Grammatikalität; Chomsky; Noam
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