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  1. An Experimental Investigation of Agent Prototypicality and Agent Prominence in German
    Autor*in: Kretzschmar, Franziska
    Erschienen: 2019
    Verlag:  Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen, Tübingen

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    Quelle: DNB Sachgruppe Deutsche Sprache und Literatur
    Beteiligt: Graf, Tim (Verfasser); Philipp, Markus (Verfasser); Primus, Beatrice (Verfasser)
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Unbestimmt
    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    Schlagworte: Prototyp <Linguistik> ; Agens ; Thematische Relation
    Weitere Schlagworte: semantic roles; agent prototypicality; agent prominence; acceptability ratings
    Umfang: Online-Ressource
    Bemerkung(en):

    In: Proceedings of Linguistic Evidence 2018 - Experimental Data Drives Linguistic Theory
  2. An experimental investigation of agent prototypicality and agent prominence in German
    Autor*in: Kretzschmar, Franziska
    Erschienen: 2019
    Verlag:  Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen, Tübingen

    We investigate whether prototypicality or prominence of semantic roles can account for role-related effects in sentence interpretation. We present two acceptability-rating experiments testing three different constructions: active, personal passive... mehr

    Standort:
    Universitätsbibliothek der Eberhard Karls Universität
    Fernleihe:
    keine Fernleihe
    Link zum Verbundkatalog:
    Südwestdeutscher Bibliotheksverbund (SWB)

     

    We investigate whether prototypicality or prominence of semantic roles can account for role-related effects in sentence interpretation. We present two acceptability-rating experiments testing three different constructions: active, personal passive and DO-clefts involving the same type of transitive verbs that differ with respect to the agentive role features they select. Our results reveal that there is no cross-constructional advantage for prototypical roles (e.g., agents), hence disconfirming a central tenet of role prototypicality. Rather, acceptability clines depend on the construction under investigation, thereby highlighting different role features. This finding is in line with one core assumption of the prominence account stating that role features are flexibly highlighted depending on the discourse function of the respective construction.

     
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    Quelle: Verbundkataloge
    Beteiligt: Graf, Tim (VerfasserIn); Philipp, Markus (VerfasserIn); Primus, Beatrice (VerfasserIn)
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10900/91247
    Schlagworte: Prototyp <Linguistik>; Agens; Thematische Relation
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (38 Seiten), Diagramme
  3. Age-related changes in predictive capacity versus internal model adaptability: electrophysiological evidence that individual differences outweigh effects of age
    Autor*in: Bornkessel-Schlesewsky, Ina ; Philipp, Markus ; Alday, Phillip M. ; Kretzschmar, Franziska ; Grewe, Tanja ; Gumpert, Maike ; Schumacher, Petra B. ; Schlesewsky, Matthias
    Erschienen: 2020

    Hierarchical predictive coding has been identified as a possible unifying principle of brain function, and recent work in cognitive neuroscience has examined how it may be affected by age–related changes. Using language comprehension as a test case,... mehr

     

    Hierarchical predictive coding has been identified as a possible unifying principle of brain function, and recent work in cognitive neuroscience has examined how it may be affected by age–related changes. Using language comprehension as a test case, the present study aimed to dissociate age-related changes in prediction generation versus internal model adaptation following a prediction error. Event-related brain potentials (ERPs) were measured in a group of older adults (60–81 years; n = 40) as they read sentences of the form “The opposite of black is white/yellow/nice.” Replicating previous work in young adults, results showed a target-related P300 for the expected antonym (“white”; an effect assumed to reflect a prediction match), and a graded N400 effect for the two incongruous conditions (i.e. a larger N400 amplitude for the incongruous continuation not related to the expected antonym, “nice,” versus the incongruous associated condition, “yellow”). These effects were followed by a late positivity, again with a larger amplitude in the incongruous non-associated versus incongruous associated condition. Analyses using linear mixed-effects models showed that the target-related P300 effect and the N400 effect for the incongruous non-associated condition were both modulated by age, thus suggesting that age-related changes affect both prediction generation and model adaptation. However, effects of age were outweighed by the interindividual variability of ERP responses, as reflected in the high proportion of variance captured by the inclusion of by-condition random slopes for participants and items. We thus argue that – at both a neurophysiological and a functional level – the notion of general differences between language processing in young and older adults may only be of limited use, and that future research should seek to better understand the causes of interindividual variability in the ERP responses of older adults and its relation to cognitive performance.

     
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    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt Germanistik
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Aufsatz aus einer Zeitschrift
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Sprache (400)
    Schlagworte: Neurolinguistik; Textverstehen; Psycholinguistik; Sprachverarbeitung; Kognitive Linguistik
    Lizenz:

    creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ ; info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
  4. Beyond verb meaning: experimental evidence for incremental processing of semantic roles and event structure
    Autor*in: Philipp, Markus ; Graf, Tim ; Kretzschmar, Franziska ; Primus, Beatrice
    Erschienen: 2020

    We present an event-related potentials (ERP) study that addresses the question of how pieces of information pertaining to semantic roles and event structure interact with each other and with the verb’s meaning. Specifically, our study investigates... mehr

     

    We present an event-related potentials (ERP) study that addresses the question of how pieces of information pertaining to semantic roles and event structure interact with each other and with the verb’s meaning. Specifically, our study investigates German verb-final clauses with verbs of motion such as fliegen ‘fly’ and schweben ‘float, hover,’ which are indeterminate with respect to agentivity and event structure. Agentivity was tested by manipulating the animacy of the subject noun phrase and event structure by selecting a goal adverbial, which makes the event telic, or a locative adverbial, which leads to an atelic reading. On the clause-initial subject, inanimates evoked an N400 effect vis-à-vis animates. On the adverbial phrase in the atelic (locative) condition, inanimates showed an N400 in comparison to animates. The telic (goal) condition exhibited a similar amplitude like the inanimate-atelic condition. Finally, at the verbal lexeme, the inanimate condition elicited an N400 effect against the animate condition in the telic (goal) contexts. In the atelic (locative) condition, items with animates evoked an N400 effect compared to inanimates. The combined set of findings suggest that clause-initial animacy is not sufficient for agent identification in German, which seems to be completed only at the verbal lexeme in our experiment. Here non-agents (inanimates) changing their location in a goal-directed way and agents (animates) lacking this property are dispreferred and this challenges the assumption that change of (locational) state is generally a defining characteristic of the patient role. Besides this main finding that sheds new light on role prototypicality, our data seem to indicate effects that, in our view, are related to complexity, i.e., minimality. Inanimate subjects or goal arguments increase processing costs since they have role or event structure restrictions that animate subjects or locative modifiers lack.

     
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    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt Germanistik
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Aufsatz aus einer Zeitschrift
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Sprache (400)
    Schlagworte: Thematische Relation; Ereignissemantik; Wortbedeutung <Semasiologie>; Verb; Adverb; Psycholinguistik; Kognitive Linguistik
    Lizenz:

    creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ ; info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
  5. The interaction between telicity and agentivity: Experimental evidence from intransitive verbs in German and Chinese
    Autor*in: Graf, Tim ; Philipp, Markus ; Xu, Xiaonan ; Kretzschmar, Franziska ; Primus, Beatrice
    Erschienen: 2021
    Verlag:  Amsterdam : Elsevier

    Telicity and agentivity are semantic factors that split intransitive verbs into (at least two) different classes. Clear-cut unergative verbs, which select the auxiliary HAVE, are assumed to be atelic and agent-selecting; unequivocally unaccusative... mehr

     

    Telicity and agentivity are semantic factors that split intransitive verbs into (at least two) different classes. Clear-cut unergative verbs, which select the auxiliary HAVE, are assumed to be atelic and agent-selecting; unequivocally unaccusative verbs, which select the auxiliary BE, are analyzed as telic and patient-selecting. Thus, agentivity and telicity are assumed to be inversely correlated in split intransitivity. We will present semantic and experimental evidence from German and Mandarin Chinese that casts doubts on this widely held assumption. The focus of our experimental investigation lies on variation with respect to agentivity (specifically motion control, manipulated via animacy), telicity (tested via a locative vs. goal adverbial), and BE/HAVE-selection with semantically flexible intransitive verbs of motion. Our experimental methods are acceptability ratings for German and Chinese (Experiments 1 and 2) and event-related potential (ERP) measures for German (Experiment 3). Our findings contradict the above-mentioned assumption that agentivity and telicity are generally inversely correlated and suggest that for the verbs under study, agentivity and telicity harmonize with each other. Furthermore, the ERP measures reveal that the impact of the interaction under discussion is more pronounced on the verb lexeme than on the auxiliary. We also found differences between Chinese and German that relate to the influence of telicity on BE/HAVE-selection. They seem to confirm the claim in previous research that the weight of the telicity factor locomotion (or internal motion) is cross-linguistically variable.

     
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    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt Germanistik
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Aufsatz aus einer Zeitschrift
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Sprache (400)
    Schlagworte: Psycholinguistik; Experimentelle Psychologie; Intransitives Verb; Hilfsverb; Chinesisch; Deutsch; Bewegungsverb
    Lizenz:

    creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/deed.de ; info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
  6. What is a sentient agent?
    Autor*in: Kretzschmar, Franziska ; Graf, Tim ; Philipp, Markus ; Primus, Beatrice
    Erschienen: 2021
    Verlag:  Tübingen : University of Tübingen

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    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt Germanistik
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Konferenzveröffentlichung
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Sprache (400)
    Schlagworte: Thematische Relation; Agency-Theorie
    Lizenz:

    rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/ ; info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
  7. An experimental investigation of agent prototypicality and agent prominence in German
    Autor*in: Kretzschmar, Franziska ; Graf, Tim ; Philipp, Markus ; Primus, Beatrice
    Erschienen: 2019
    Verlag:  University Press

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    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt Germanistik
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Aufsatz aus einem Sammelband
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Sprache (400); Germanische Sprachen; Deutsch (430)
  8. The interaction between telicity and agentivity: Experimental evidence from intransitive verbs in German and Chinese
    Autor*in: Graf, Tim ; Philipp, Markus ; Xiaonan, Xu ; Kretzschmar, Franziska ; Primus, Beatrice
    Erschienen: 2017
    Verlag:  Elsevier

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    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt Germanistik
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Aufsatz aus einer Zeitschrift
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Sprache (400); Germanische Sprachen; Deutsch (430)
  9. Beyond verb meaning: experimental evidence for incremental processing of semantic roles and event structure
    Autor*in: Philipp, Markus ; Graf, Tim ; Kretzschmar, Franziska ; Primus, Beatrice
    Erschienen: 2017
    Verlag:  Frontiers Research Foundation

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    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt Germanistik
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Aufsatz aus einer Zeitschrift
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Sprache (400); Germanische Sprachen; Deutsch (430)