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Cover -- Title -- Copyright -- CONTENTS -- Introduction -- A simple guide to the parts of speech -- 1 Verbs -- 1.1 Talking about what you do -- 1.1.1 What is the infinitive? -- 1.1.2 What is the stem of a verb? -- 1.1.3 The 'persons' of the verb -- 1.1.4 Weak verbs (regular verbs) -- 1.1.5 Strong verbs (irregular verbs) -- 1.1.6 Auxiliary verbs: sein - to be, haben - to have -- 1.2 Reflexive, separable and modal verbs -- 1.2.1 Reflexive verbs -- 1.2.2 Separable and inseparable verbs -- 1.2.3 Modal verbs -- 1.2.4 Fast track: verbs -- 1.3 The present tense -- 1.3.1 Talking about yourself: ich -- 1.3.2 Talking to someone younger or someone you know well: du -- 1.3.3 Talking about someone or something else: er/sie/es -- 1.3.4 Talking about yourself and someone else: wir -- 1.3.5 Talking to someone else: Sie (you) -- 1.3.6 Talking to someone else: ihr (you) -- 1.3.7 Talking to more than one person: Sie (you) -- 1.3.8 Talking about other people and things: sie (they) -- 1.3.9 Fast track: present tense -- 1.4 The past tenses -- 1.4.1 The perfect tense -- 1.4.2 Formation of the perfect tense -- 1.4.3 The auxiliary verbs: haben and sein -- 1.4.4 Verbs with haben and sein -- 1.4.5 Sentences with haben and sein -- 1.4.6 How to form the past participle -- 1.4.7 The past participle of strong verbs -- 1.4.8 The past tense and word order -- 1.4.9 Asking a question about the past -- 1.4.10 The simple past tense/imperfect tense -- 1.4.11 Formation of the simple past or imperfect tense -- 1.4.12 The use of modal verbs in the past tense -- 1.4.13 Fast track: past tense -- 1.5 Negatives, interrogatives and imperatives -- 1.5.1 Negatives: how to say what you do or don't want using nicht -- 1.5.2 Negatives: with kein and keine, etc. -- 1.5.3 Interrogatives: asking questions -- 1.5.4 Imperatives: giving orders, directions or instructions 1.5.5 Fast track: negatives, interrogatives and imperatives -- 1.6 The future tense and the conditional -- 1.6.1 The future tense with werden -- 1.6.2 Future tense using the present tense -- 1.6.3 The conditional: I would - Ich würd/Ich hätte -- 1.6.4 How to form the conditional -- 1.6.5 Polite requests and useful phrases: hätte gerne -- 1.6.6 Fast track: the future and conditional -- 1.7 Useful expressions using verbs -- 1.7.1 Special uses of haben -- 1.7.2 There is/are: es gibt -- 1.7.3 To know: wissen, kennen -- 1.7.4 To like: mögen and gerne -- 1.7.5 To remember: sich erinnern -- 1.7.6 To take: nehmen or bringen -- 1.7.7 More negative expressions -- 1.7.8 Since: seit -- 1.7.9 Fast track: useful expressions using verbs -- 1.8 Word order -- 1.8.1 Word order 1: Subject verb object using the present tense -- 1.8.2 Word order 2: Subject verb object using the imperfect tense -- 1.8.3 Word order 3: Subject verb object + second verb/past participle etc. -- 1.8.4 Word order 4: Inverted word order: Time/manner/place, verb, subject, object -- 1.8.5 Word order 5: Time, manner, place in longer sentences -- 1.8.6 Word order 6: Co-ordinating conjunctions: and - und, but - aber -- 1.8.7 Word order 7: Subordinating conjunctions: because - weil, that - dass -- 1.8.8 Word order 8: Talking about the past using subordinate clauses -- 1.8.9 Word order 9: The position of the direct and indirect object -- 2 Nouns and Determiners -- 2.1 Nouns and gender -- 2.1.1 Nouns and der, die, das -- 2.1.2 Some useful ways to tell whether a noun is masculine, feminine or neuter -- 2.1.3 Different forms for the masculine and feminine -- 2.2 Nouns in the plural: die -- 2.2.1 Nouns which add -s in the plural -- 2.2.2 The plural of masculine nouns -- 2.2.3 The plural of neuter nouns -- 2.2.4 The plural of feminine nouns 2.2.5 Nouns which remain the same in both the singular and plural -- 2.3 Determiners and cases -- 2.3.1 The: der, die, das and cases -- 2.3.2 A: ein, eine, ein and cases -- 2.3.3 Kein: not a, not any, no and cases -- 2.4 My, your, his, her, etc. -- 2.4.1 My: mein/meine -- 2.4.2 Your: dein/deine -- 2.4.3 His: sein/seine/seinen and her: ihr/ihre/ihren -- 2.4.4 Our: unser/unsere/unseren -- 2.4.5 Your: Ihr (polite form) -- 2.4.6 Your: euer -- 2.4.7 Their: ihr -- 2.5 More determiners -- 2.5.1 Which?: Welche? -- 2.5.2 Each/every: jeder -- 2.5.3 Other determiners -- 2.6 Fast track: nouns and determiners -- 3 Pronouns -- 3.1 Ich, du, er, sie, es - I, you, he, she, it: subject pronouns -- 3.1.1 Ich - I: the first person singular -- 3.1.2 Du - you: the second person singular -- 3.1.3 Er/sie/es - he/she/it: the third person singular -- 3.1.4 Wir - we: the first person plural -- 3.1.5 Ihr - you -- 3.1.6 Sie - you (polite form) -- 3.1.7 Sie - they: the third person plural -- 3.2 Me, you, him, her, it, us, them -- 3.2.1 Personal pronouns in the accusative (direct object) -- 3.3 Mir - to me, ihm - to him, ihr - to her -- 3.3.1 Personal pronouns in the dative (indirect object) -- 3.3.2 Verbs which are followed by the dative -- 3.3.3 Word order of pronouns: direct + indirect -- 3.4 Reflexive pronouns -- 3.5 Pronouns and the imperative -- 3.6 The one who, which, whose: relative pronouns -- 3.6.1 Relative pronoun replacing the subject (nominative) -- 3.6.2 Relative pronoun replacing the direct object (accusative) -- 3.6.3 Relative pronoun replacing the indirect object (dative) -- 3.6.4 Relative pronouns: deren and dessen (whose) -- 3.7 Who? whom? - Wer? wen? wem? wessen? -- 3.8 Das ist meiner - it's mine, it's yours -- 3.9 Fast track: pronouns -- 4 Adjectives -- 4.1 What is an adjective? -- 4.1.1 How to use adjectives 4.1.2 Adjectives placed after the noun they are describing -- 4.1.3 Adjectives which come in front of the noun -- 4.1.4 Adjectives after der, die, das, die and dieser (this) -- 4.1.5 Adjectives after the indirect article -- 4.1.6 Adjectives describing a noun which has no article -- 4.2 Big, bigger, biggest: the comparative and superlative -- 4.2.1 The comparative -- 4.2.2 The superlative -- 4.2.3 Saying as (big) as -- 4.2.4 Fast track: adjectives -- 5 Adverbs -- 5.1 Formation of adverbs -- 5.1.1 Some more useful adverbs -- 5.1.2 Structure of a sentence beginning with an adverb -- 6 Prepositions -- 6.1 Recognising prepositions -- 6.2 German prepositions -- 6.2.1 Prepositions followed by the accusative case -- 6.2.2 Prepositions followed by the dative -- 6.2.3 Two-way prepositions -- 6.3 Useful prepositional phrases -- 6.3.1 Useful expressions to tell you where someone or something is in a building -- 6.3.2 Saying where you live -- 6.3.3 Expressions of time -- Appendix 1: Common irregular verbs -- Appendix 2: Pronunciation -- Answers
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